Apoa4-flox Mouse

Apoa4, short for apolipoprotein A-IV, is one of the most abundant and versatile apolipoproteins facilitating lipid transport and metabolism [5]. It is synthesized in the small intestine, packaged onto chylomicrons, and then transported to several tissues. Apoa4 has also been identified as a sphingosine 1-phosphate chaperone, supporting extracellular signaling functions [6].

Mutations in Apoa4 can cause autosomal dominant medullary amyloidosis, presenting as tubulointerstitial kidney disease with a bland urinary sediment [1]. Serum Apoa4 levels are increased after administration of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rh-HGF), making it a potential pharmacodynamic marker of rh-HGF [2]. In Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis, Apoa4 may serve as a novel prognostic marker [3]. Also, in T2DM patients, serum Apoa4 levels are associated with the progression of renal impairment [4].

In conclusion, Apoa4 plays essential roles in lipid metabolism, extracellular signaling, and potentially in drug-response prediction. Studies on Apoa4-related diseases such as kidney-related amyloidosis, renal impairment in T2DM, and some skin diseases provide valuable insights into understanding these disease mechanisms.