Taar1-flox Mouse

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) senses endogenous amine-containing metabolites (EAMs) and is involved in mediating diverse psychological functions [1]. It modulates monoamine transmission, especially dopamine, and is widely distributed in the monoaminergic system in the mammalian brain, including areas like the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra [3]. TAAR1 is considered a promising target for treating psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, substance use disorders, and sleep, depression, and anxiety-related disorders [3].

Studies in Taar1 knockout (TAAR1-KO) rodents show that TAAR1 agonism inhibits midbrain dopaminergic and serotonergic activity, and enhances prefrontal glutamatergic function [2]. In preclinical models of psychostimulant addiction, activation of TAAR1 attenuated while knockout of TAAR1 potentiated psychostimulant abuse-related behaviors [5]. These suggest that TAAR1 negatively modulates monoamine-related activities and behaviors [4].

In conclusion, TAAR1 plays a crucial role in modulating monoamine transmission and is involved in various psychiatric disorders. The use of TAAR1-KO mouse models has revealed its role in regulating midbrain neurotransmitter activities and psychostimulant-related behaviors, providing valuable insights for developing treatments for schizophrenia and substance use disorders.